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排序方式: 共有354条查询结果,搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
Wong MY Sauser KR Chung KT Wong TY Liu JK 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2001,67(3):361-378
The green alga Selenastrum capricornutum expresses a uniqueascorbate peroxidase, that responds to copper and lead. Attemptswere made to test if this peroxidase could be used to monitor thelevels of copper and lead in natural waters. When S.capricornutum was exposed to a stormwater sample, the specificactivity of the peroxidase in the cell extract was commensuratewith the combined copper and lead contents in the sample. Theperoxidase responses were also correlated with the 96 hr biomasstoxicity assay of S. capricornutum. However, unlike thebiomass toxicity assay, the peroxidase activity was not affectedby the anions in the samples. The use of this peroxidase can beused as a marker for testing heavy metal toxicity in the water. 相似文献
2.
生物硝化池污水中硝化细菌的快速定量研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
实验采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术与最大几率数法(MPN)相结合的MPN-PCR法对生物硝化池污水中的硝化细菌进行快速定量。所用的一对PCR引物是在对硝化细菌的16SrRNA基因进行系统比较的基础上设计合成的,可以扩增出大小为388bp的DNA片段。以从生物硝化池污水中抽提的含硝化细菌DNA的混合DNA为模板,进行PCR扩增并确定合适的扩增条件。运用MPN-PCR法进行定量检测的整个过程可在几小时之内完成。 相似文献
3.
机动车排出物对人体健康危害的研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
运用基因、DNA、染色体,细胞和整个动物为终点的远期危害测试系统,对各类机动车排出尾气的有机提取物的致突变性及潜在致癌性进行了评估,同时运用流行病学方法对接触人群进行调查,结果表明:(1)柴油车,助动车的颗粒有机提取物包含100多种化学物,(2)Ames、UDS微核及SHE细胞恶性转化试验为阳性结果,具有突变性及致癌性。(3)它们能使人胚细胞形成转化灶并发现其中的c-myc,p21及bcl-2表达 相似文献
4.
含铅,无铅汽油车尾气排出物遗传毒性比较 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用台架试验模拟汽车行驶工况,收集了发动机使用无铅汽油,含铅汽油燃烧后的尾气颗粒物,对其中吸附的有机物进行了提取,并以Ames试验,中国仓鼠肺细胞体外微核实验等方法,从基因,染色体水平检测了两种颗粒提取的遗传毒性。 相似文献
5.
以小鼠微核试验检测上海市有代表性的13个点大气颗粒物的致突变活性,结果表明,上海市大气颗粒物有机提取物能引起小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率的升高,且有剂量-反应关系,而各采样点的致微核作用相似. 相似文献
6.
Niels Gregersen Vibeke Winter Peter K. A. Jensen Anni Holmskov Steen Kølvraa Brage S. Andresen Ernst Christensen Peter Bross Jytte B. Lundemose Dr Markil Gregersen 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(1):82-86
Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is a potentially fatal inherited disease with a carrier frequency of approximately 1:100 in most Caucasian populations. The disease is implicated in sudden unexpected death in childhood. A prevalent disease-causing point mutation (A985G) in the MCAD gene has been characterized, thus rendering diagnosis easy in the majority of cases. Since the clinical spectrum of MCAD deficiency ranges from death in the first days of life to an asymptomatic life, there are probably other genetic factors—in addition to MCAD mutations—involved in the expression of the disease. Thus, families who have experienced the death of a child from MCAD deficiency might have an increased risk of a seriously affected subsequent child. In such a family we have therefore performed a prenatal diagnosis on a chorionic villus sample by a highly specific and sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the G985 mutation. The analysis was positive and resulted in abortion. We verified the diagnosis by direct analysis on blood spots and other tissue material from the aborted fetus and from family members. 相似文献
7.
Xi Haiyan Cai Qiang He Miao Shi Hanchang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(3):381-384
This research describes a fast detection method on the basis of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Escherichia coli in drainage of wastewater treatment plants. Optimized conditions such as the reaction format (sandwich or direct), the concentrations
of diluted horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-E. coli conjugate, and anti-HPR antibody and pretreatment of E. coli were studied. Those results showed that the linear range of detection for E. coli was 10 cfu/mL-6 × 104 cfu/mL. Compared with conventional methods, it is a convenient and sensitive detection method with low cost.
Translated from Environmental Science, 2005, 26(5): 128–131 [译自: 环境科学] 相似文献
8.
室内常见气传真菌孢子的细胞毒性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分别以MTT比色法和细胞克隆形成率实验,观察了室内常见气传真菌孢子对中国仓鼠(CHL)肺上皮细胞的存活和增殖能力的影响,并通过检测细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力,胞内Ca^2 ,K^ 含量,观察真菌孢子对细胞膜通透性的影响,结果表明,室内常见气传真菌孢子能显影响CHL细胞的活性,并可使细胞膜通透性发生改变,引起胞内LDH外渗,细胞内外离子发生交换,细胞内K^ 浓度降低,而细胞外的Ca^2 有内流的趋势。 相似文献
9.
Crude oil (from oil terminal) and raw phosphate (from phosphate port) pollution are responsible for the lowered health conditions of coral reefs at their vicinity in the Jordanian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba. Both in situ incubations and ex situ laboratory exposure experiments were used to study the effects of those pollutants on corals, by using molecular and biochemical biomarkers in the coral Stylophora pistillata. For ex situ part of the experiment, crude oil and raw phosphate were added to a final concentration of 500?ppm for both pollutants. The DNA damage was assessed by Comet assay, while biochemical stress markers were reassessed by lipid peroxidation (LPO) test. Although the corals looked healthy from outside, the use of stress biomarkers indicated that they are under high pressure at the cellular level. The corals incubated with oil and phosphate had more DNA damage and LPO in comparison with the control samples. The results obtained suggest that the use of stress biomarkers can be used as important prognostic tools for examining the sub-lethal stress on corals before their death. 相似文献
10.
YIN Da-qiang HU Shuang-qing GU Ying WEI Li LIU Shu-shen ZHANG Ai-qian 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(2):232-237
Bisphenol A (BPA) is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and classified as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC). The reproductive toxicity of BPA has been extensively studied in mammals; however, relatively little information is available on the immunotoxic responses of fish to BPA. In this study, we investigated the effects of BPA on the immune functions of lymphocytes and macrophages in Carassius auratus. The effects of BPA were compared with those of two natural steroid hormones, estradiol and hydrocortisone. Proliferation of the two types of cells in response to PHA was measured using colorimetric MTT assay. Macrophage respiratory burst stimulated by Con A was measured using chemiluminescence assay. Results showed that BPA (0.054-5.4 mg/L), estradiol (0.0002-2.0 mg/L) and hydrocortisone (5-50 mg/L) significantly induced Carassius auratus lymphocyte proliferation while higher doses of hydrocortisone (500-5000 mg/L) appeared to be inhibitory. BPA (0.005-50 mg/L), estradiol (0.005-800 mg/L) and hydrocortisone (0.005-500 mg/L) markedly enhanced macrophage proliferation, whereas higher doses of BPA (500-1000 mg/L) appeared to inhibit cell proliferation. Furthermore, higher dosage of BPA (50 mg/L) and hydrocortisone (50 and 500 mg/L) suppressed the macrophages respiratory burst while estradiol is stimulative all the doses tested (0.05-500 mg/L). In conclusion, BPA could have immunotoxicity to Carassius auratus and functional changes of lymphocyte and macrophage in Carassius auratus may be different between low and high dosages. 相似文献